@import url('brand-tokens.css');
:root{--course-ink:var(--color-ink,#172c43);--course-muted:var(--color-muted,#536979);--course-line:var(--color-border,#cbd8d9)}
.course-home{margin:0;background:var(--color-canvas);color:var(--course-ink);font:16px/1.7 system-ui,-apple-system,"Apple SD Gothic Neo",sans-serif}
.course-home main{max-width:1000px;margin:auto;padding:40px 28px 80px}.course-home h1{font-size:clamp(30px,5vw,48px);line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.04em;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.course-home h2{font-size:23px}.course-home a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:4px}.course-home .byline{color:var(--course-muted);margin:12px 0 32px}
[data-course-shell]{font:14px/1.6 system-ui,-apple-system,sans-serif;padding:18px max(24px,calc((100vw - 1000px)/2));background:var(--color-canvas);color:var(--course-ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-line)}[data-course-shell] a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}[data-course-shell] a:hover{text-decoration:underline}footer[data-course-shell]{border-top:1px solid var(--course-line);border-bottom:0;padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:24px;font-size:13px}
.course-cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px}.course-card-link{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding:30px;border:1px solid var(--course-line);border-radius:12px;text-decoration:none;background:var(--color-surface);transition:background .18s,border-color .18s,transform .18s}.course-card-link strong{font-size:23px;display:block;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:-.035em}.course-card-copy>span{display:block;margin-top:8px;color:var(--course-muted);font-size:13px}.course-card-link .card-arrow{font-size:23px;color:var(--color-primary)}.course-card-link:hover{background:var(--color-surface-leaf);border-color:var(--color-border);transform:translateY(-2px)}.course-card-link:focus-visible,.chapter-list a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-focus);outline-offset:5px}
.additional-courses{margin:38px 0}.additional-courses>summary{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:18px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--course-line);cursor:pointer;font-size:16px;font-weight:600;list-style:none}.additional-courses>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.additional-courses>summary span{font-size:12px;font-weight:400;color:var(--course-muted)}.additional-courses>summary::after{content:'+';margin-left:auto;font-size:23px;font-weight:400}.additional-courses[open]>summary::after{content:'−'}.additional-courses .course-cards{margin-top:8px}.additional-courses .course-card-link{padding:23px}.additional-courses .course-card-link strong{font-size:19px}
.chapter-list{padding:0;list-style:none;margin:32px 0}.chapter-list>li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:40px minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:center;gap:20px;padding:23px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--course-line)}.chapter-number{font-size:13px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:var(--course-muted)}.chapter-list h2{margin:0;font-size:21px;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:-.025em}.chapter-list h2 a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;text-decoration:none}.chapter-arrow{font-size:16px;color:var(--color-primary);opacity:0;transition:opacity .18s}.chapter-list h2 a:hover .chapter-arrow,.chapter-list h2 a:focus-visible .chapter-arrow{opacity:1}.chapter-exercise{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;white-space:nowrap;padding:8px 14px;border:1px solid var(--course-line);border-radius:7px;font-size:13px;text-decoration:none}.chapter-exercise:hover{background:var(--color-surface-leaf);border-color:var(--color-border)}
.chapter-actions{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:24px 0}.chapter-actions a,.resource-links a,.notebook-actions a,.exercise-action{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:8px;min-height:42px;padding:8px 15px;border:1px solid var(--color-border);border-radius:7px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;text-decoration:none;background:var(--color-surface)}.chapter-actions a:hover,.resource-links a:hover,.notebook-actions a:hover,.exercise-action:hover{background:var(--color-surface-leaf);border-color:var(--color-border)}.resource-links,.notebook-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:18px 0 28px}.resource-links a[href*="colab.research.google.com"]{background:var(--color-surface-leaf);border-color:var(--color-border)}
.resource-list{list-style:none;padding:0}.resource-list li{display:flex;align-items:baseline;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 14px;padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-line);overflow-wrap:anywhere}.resource-list a{text-decoration:none}.resource-list a:first-child{font-weight:500}.resource-list a[download]{font-size:13px;color:var(--course-muted)}.resource-list a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.resource-list small{color:var(--course-muted)}
.notebook-cell{margin:20px 0}.notebook-code{background:#f3f5f2;border:1px solid var(--color-border);padding:16px;border-radius:6px;white-space:pre;overflow:auto;font:14px/1.65 ui-monospace,monospace}.notebook-output{white-space:pre-wrap;font:13px/1.6 ui-monospace,monospace;padding:8px 16px;border-left:2px solid var(--color-border)}.notebook-cell img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.notebook-cell table{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;display:block;overflow:auto}.notebook-cell td,.notebook-cell th{padding:6px 12px;border:1px solid var(--color-border)}
footer.course-footer{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px}.course-home blockquote{margin:24px 0;padding:16px 20px;border-left:3px solid var(--color-primary);background:var(--color-surface-slate)}.course-home details:not(.additional-courses){margin:32px 0}.course-home summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:600}
@media(max-width:600px){.course-cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}.course-home main{padding:24px 20px 60px}.course-card-link{padding:24px}.chapter-list>li{grid-template-columns:25px minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:10px}.chapter-list h2{font-size:18px}.chapter-exercise{padding:8px 10px;font-size:12px}.chapter-arrow{display:none}footer.course-footer{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.course-card-link{transition:none}.course-card-link:hover{transform:none}}
@media print{[data-course-shell],.notebook-actions{display:none!important}}

.chapter-list>li{grid-template-columns:40px minmax(0,1fr)}.chapter-list h2 a{justify-content:space-between;min-height:44px}.chapter-arrow{opacity:1;flex-shrink:0}
.course-dialog-open{overflow:hidden}.course-overlay{width:min(1180px,94vw);height:92dvh;max-width:100vw;max-height:100dvh;padding:0;border:1px solid var(--color-border);border-radius:12px;background:var(--color-canvas);color:var(--color-ink);box-shadow:0 24px 80px #0004}.course-overlay[open]{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.course-overlay::backdrop{background:rgb(23 44 67 / .76)}.overlay-bar{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;flex-shrink:0;padding:12px 18px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-border)}.overlay-bar strong{margin-right:auto;font:600 15px/1.5 system-ui,sans-serif}.overlay-run,.overlay-close{font:500 13px/1.5 system-ui,sans-serif;color:var(--color-ink);white-space:nowrap;padding:10px 12px;min-height:44px;text-decoration:none}.overlay-close{border:1px solid var(--color-border);border-radius:7px;background:var(--color-surface-leaf);cursor:pointer}.overlay-content{flex:1;min-height:0}.overlay-content iframe{display:block;border:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:var(--color-canvas)}
.course-embedded [data-course-shell],.course-embedded .site-header,.course-embedded footer,.course-embedded .skip,.course-embedded .breadcrumb,.course-embedded #quarto-margin-sidebar,.course-embedded .lesson-pagination{display:none!important}.course-embedded #quarto-content{display:block!important;max-width:100%!important;padding:24px!important}.course-embedded main.directory{margin:24px auto!important}.course-embedded h1,.course-embedded h2{word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:break-word}
@media(max-width:600px){.chapter-list>li{grid-template-columns:25px minmax(0,1fr)}.chapter-arrow{display:inline}.course-overlay{width:100%;height:100dvh;max-height:100dvh;border:0;border-radius:0;margin:0}.overlay-bar{padding:8px 12px;padding-top:max(8px,env(safe-area-inset-top));gap:6px}.overlay-run,.overlay-close{padding:10px 9px;font-size:12px}.overlay-bar strong{font-size:14px}.overlay-content{padding-bottom:env(safe-area-inset-bottom)}}
@media print{.course-overlay{display:none!important}}

.overlay-run[hidden]{display:none}.course-embedded .notebook-actions,.course-embedded [data-chapter-files]{display:none!important}
@media(max-width:600px){nav#lab-files.resource-links{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}nav#lab-files.resource-links a{font-size:13px;padding:8px 10px;text-align:center}nav#lab-files.resource-links a[data-course-overlay="학습자료"],nav#lab-files.resource-links a[href*="colab.research.google.com"]{grid-column:1/-1}}
.course-embedded math[display="block"]{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}.course-embedded table{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.course-embedded svg{max-width:100%;height:auto}.course-embedded pre{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}

.mlx-document .rtcContent{padding:0}.mlx-document .rtcContent>:not(.CodeBlock){white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.mlx-document .rtcContent>div:not(.CodeBlock){font-size:15px;line-height:1.8}.mlx-document .rtcContent h1{color:var(--color-ink);font-weight:650;white-space:normal;line-height:1.35}.mlx-document .CodeBlock{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;border-radius:7px;margin:20px 0}.mlx-document .CodeBlock>*{min-width:max-content}.mlx-document img,.mlx-document svg{max-width:100%;height:auto}.mlx-document table{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.resource-list .resource-name{flex-basis:100%;font-weight:500}@media(max-width:600px){.mlx-document .rtcContent h1{font-size:28px}}

.resource-links a[href*="matlab.mathworks.com"]{background:var(--color-surface-leaf);border-color:var(--color-border)}@media(max-width:600px){nav#lab-files.resource-links a[href*="matlab.mathworks.com"]{grid-column:1/-1}}

main p code,main li>code{white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere}

.mlx-document .CodeBlock>.outputs{min-width:0;max-width:100%;display:block}.mlx-document .embeddedOutputsFigure,.mlx-document .figureElement{width:100%!important;max-width:100%}.mlx-document .figureImage{width:auto!important;max-width:100%;height:auto}

/* Draft learning and practice sheets. */
.practice-start{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px 20px;margin:48px 0 28px;padding:22px 0;border-top:2px solid var(--course-ink)}.practice-start h2{margin:0}.practice-start p{flex-basis:100%;margin:0;color:var(--course-muted);font-size:14px}.exercise-record{margin:20px 0 32px;border:1px solid var(--course-line);border-radius:10px;padding:0 18px;background:var(--color-surface)}.exercise-record>summary{cursor:pointer;padding:14px 0;font-size:14px;font-weight:600}.exercise-record>div{padding-bottom:12px}.record-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(210px,100%),1fr));gap:12px;margin:8px 0 22px}.record-grid>div{min-width:0;padding:12px 14px;border:1px solid var(--course-line);border-radius:7px;background:#f7f9f3}.record-grid dt{font-size:13px;font-weight:600;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.record-grid dd{height:22px;border-bottom:1px dashed #adbdaf;margin:4px 0 0}.record-table{width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.record-table table{border-collapse:collapse;min-width:480px;width:100%;font-size:14px}.record-table td,.record-table th{padding:10px 12px;border:1px solid var(--course-line);text-align:left}.concept-flow{padding:16px 18px;border-left:3px solid #6b8e70;background:#edf3e7;line-height:1.9}.course-preparation{margin-top:32px;border-top:1px solid var(--course-line);padding-top:20px}.course-preparation>summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:600}.notebook-cell .record-grid{display:block}.notebook-cell p{max-width:74ch}.notebook-cell pre{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:600px){.course-home main{padding:28px 18px 60px}.record-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:8px}.record-grid>div{padding:10px}.record-grid dt{font-size:12px}.practice-start{margin-top:32px}.course-home h2{font-size:21px}}



/* MathML layout */
.math{display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;vertical-align:middle;line-height:2.2;padding:0 .12em}.math.display,.learning-equation{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.math math{font-size:1.04em}


/* Shared exam examples */
.course-home main.exam-gallery{padding-top:20px}.exam-gallery>h1{margin:0 0 18px}.course-home details.exam-type{margin:24px 0;border:1px solid var(--course-line);border-radius:8px}.exam-type>summary{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:16px;cursor:pointer}.exam-type>summary::before{content:"＋";font-weight:400}.exam-type[open]>summary::before{content:"−"}.exam-type>summary h2{margin:0;font-size:20px}.exam-type>.exam-case{padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px}.exam-type>.exam-case:last-child{border-bottom:0}.exam-case{padding:16px 0 24px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-line)}.exam-case>h3{font-size:1.12rem;margin:4px 0 16px}.exam-case article{min-width:0}.exam-case article h4{font-size:1rem;margin:22px 0 10px}.exam-study{margin:18px 0;padding:12px 16px;border-left:3px solid var(--color-primary);background:var(--color-surface-leaf)}.exam-study p{margin:0;font-size:.9rem}.exam-study strong{font-size:.88rem;margin-right:.5em}.exam-reference{margin:18px 0;padding:14px 16px;border:1px solid var(--course-line);border-radius:8px}.exam-reference p{margin:8px 0}.exam-reference .exam-reference-label{font-size:.88rem;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 10px}.exam-reference p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.exam-case pre{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.exam-case .record-table table{min-width:0}.course-home details.exam-answer{margin:20px 0}.exam-operating-rules{margin:28px 0}.exam-operating-rules>summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:600}.exam-format-links{margin-top:32px;align-items:center}.exam-format-links .byline{margin:0;font-size:.8rem}@media(max-width:600px){.exam-type>summary h2{font-size:18px}.exam-case>h3{font-size:1.05rem}.exam-reference{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px}.exam-case .record-table td,.exam-case .record-table th{padding:8px;font-size:13px}}


[data-exercise-guidance] > ol,[data-exercise-guidance] > ul{padding-inline-start:1.5rem;margin:1rem 0}[data-exercise-guidance] li{padding-inline-start:.15rem;margin:.55rem 0}[data-exercise-guidance] li > ul,[data-exercise-guidance] li > ol{margin:.35rem 0;padding-inline-start:1.3rem}[data-exercise-guidance] li > ul > li,[data-exercise-guidance] li > ol > li{margin:.25rem 0}[data-exercise-guidance] .record-table{margin:1rem 0}


[data-exercise-guidance] .condition-table{max-width:28rem}[data-exercise-guidance] .condition-table table{min-width:0}


.result-fields{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(10rem,1fr) minmax(7rem,1fr);gap:0;margin:.7rem 0;max-width:42rem}.result-fields dt,.result-fields dd{padding:.5rem .65rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-line);margin:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.result-fields dt{font-weight:500}.result-fields dd{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}@media(max-width:600px){.result-fields{grid-template-columns:1fr}.result-fields dt{padding-bottom:.1rem;border-bottom:0}.result-fields dd{padding-top:.1rem}}


/* Paired learning and practice languages */
html[data-selected-runtime="python"] [data-runtime="matlab"] { display:none !important; }
html[data-selected-runtime="matlab"] [data-runtime="python"] { display:none !important; }
html[data-selected-runtime="matlab"] span[data-runtime="matlab"],
html[data-selected-runtime="matlab"] a[data-runtime="matlab"] { display:inline !important; }
html[data-selected-runtime="matlab"] div[data-runtime="matlab"] { display:block !important; }
.lab-language { display:flex; align-items:center; gap:1rem; width:fit-content; margin:0 0 1rem; padding:.5rem .8rem; border:1px solid var(--line,#dce1e5); border-radius:.6rem; }
.lab-language legend { padding:0 .3rem; font-size:.8rem; color:var(--muted,#596775); }
.lab-language label { display:flex; align-items:center; gap:.4rem; cursor:pointer; }
.lab-language input { accent-color:var(--accent,#246472); }


.mlx-document table.mlx-record-table { display:table; table-layout:fixed; width:100%; }
.mlx-document table.mlx-record-table td { width:50%; overflow-wrap:anywhere; }


/* Language-aware controls for the shared reading view. */
html[lang^="en"] body[data-study-tools] main details > summary::after { content: "Expand"; }
html[lang^="en"] body[data-study-tools] main details[open] > summary::after { content: "Collapse"; }
html[lang^="en"] body[data-study-tools] main details.check > summary::after { content: "Show answer"; }
html[lang^="en"] body[data-study-tools] main details.check[open] > summary::after { content: "Hide answer"; }


/* Executable syntax remains distinct from prose in notes and exercise instructions. */
main :not(pre)>code{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Consolas,"Liberation Mono",monospace;font-size:.9em;background:#edf1e9;border:1px solid var(--color-border);border-radius:4px;padding:.08em .3em;white-space:break-spaces;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
main pre code{background:transparent;border:0;padding:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;white-space:inherit}
.mlx-document .paragraph span[style*="monospace"]{background:#edf1e9;border-radius:3px;padding:.05em .2em}


.mlx-formula-alternative{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip-path:inset(50%);white-space:nowrap;border:0}
.overlay-status{font:14px/1.6 system-ui,sans-serif;margin:0;padding:12px 18px;background:var(--color-surface-slate);color:var(--color-ink)}
.overlay-recovery{margin-left:.5rem;color:var(--color-primary);text-underline-offset:3px}
.overlay-content{position:relative}


html:not([data-selected-runtime]) .lab-language{display:none}


/* Resource labels wrap at meaningful words; preserve code, URL and body rules. */
.chapter-actions a,.resource-links a,.notebook-actions a,.exercise-action{white-space:normal;word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:break-word;max-width:100%;min-width:0}
/* Header semantics must not add browser-default visual emphasis. */
.mlx-document table th{font-weight:inherit;text-align:inherit}
.mlx-document table.mlx-record-table th{width:50%;overflow-wrap:anywhere}

.mlx-document table.mlx-recording-table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:1rem 0}
.mlx-recording-table th,.mlx-recording-table td{border:1px solid var(--course-line);padding:.5rem .65rem;min-width:7.5rem;vertical-align:top}

/* Semester review layout */
.semester-plan{list-style:none;padding:0}.schedule-week{display:grid;grid-template-columns:3.2rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:1rem;padding:1.3rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid #dce2e8}.schedule-week h2{font-size:1.12rem;margin:0 0 .45rem}.schedule-week p{margin:.25rem 0;color:#546171}.schedule-number{font-size:.9rem;color:#546171;padding-top:.15rem}.schedule-exam{background:#f2f5f8;padding-left:.6rem;padding-right:.6rem;border-radius:.5rem}.schedule-week h2 a{text-decoration:none}.schedule-week h2 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.schedule-week .chapter-arrow{margin-left:.5em;font-size:.85em;color:#65756a}.schedule-support{margin:.6rem 0 0;font-size:.85rem}.schedule-support summary{cursor:pointer;color:#546171}.schedule-support .schedule-resources{margin-top:.25rem}.schedule-followup{margin-top:.7rem}.schedule-resource-label{font-size:.75rem;color:#65756a}.schedule-followup .schedule-resources{margin-top:.15rem}.schedule-resources{font-size:.85rem;margin-top:.6rem;line-height:1.8}.schedule-overview{overflow-x:auto}.schedule-overview table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse}.schedule-overview th,.schedule-overview td{padding:.9rem;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid #dce2e8}.schedule-overview td{min-width:15rem}.schedule-overview th{min-width:8rem}@media(max-width:480px){.schedule-week{grid-template-columns:2.4rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:.6rem}.schedule-resources a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}}